Longhua
Temple
Longhua Temple at 2853 Longhua Road,Shanghai, is an ancient monastery
in the south of Yangtze River. It is a tourist resort famous
for an ancient pagoda, an ancient temple, nightly bell-striking ceremony
and the peach blossoms. The third day of the third lunar month is the
day of the temple fair and the fifteenth of the third lunar month is when
pilgrims to the temple, visitors to the temple fair and tourists have
the chance to admire the peach blossoms encasing the area and when Longhua,
with these highlights becomes a place of great hustle and bustle.
It is said that Longhua Temple was first built in 242 AD during the period
of the Three Kingdoms giving it a history of 1,700 years. By the end of
the Tang Dynasty, the temple was destroyed in war but by the year 977,
the temple was rebuilt and until now the restored temple also has a history
of more than 1,000 years. In 1064, during the Song Dynasty, the temple
was renamed Kong Xiang Temple. The name Longhua was restored during Emperor
Wan Li's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1573-1620). In the early years of
Emperor Tong Zhi's reign in the Ding dynasty, the temple underwent a thorough
renovation and it is the structure we now see today.
Longhua Temple is a famous Buddhist monastery with the longest history
in the Shanghai area. The temple was built
in the Sangharama five-hall style of the Buddhist "chan" sect
from the Song Dynasty. Sangharama means" the popular court",
or "the monks court", which originally referred to the site
of the monks living quarters but used later to describe the whole complex
including the land and all the structures of the monastery. In the temple
are kept Buddhist scripture, gold seals and Buddhist statues of the Tang,
Five, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The five halls in the Longhua Temple are
the Maitreya Hall, the Heavenly King Hall, the Grand Hall of the Great
Sage, the Hall of the Three Saints and the Abbot's Hall. On the two sides
facing east and west are accessory halls and a bell tower and a drum tower,
one on each side. The halls have hexagonal windows, arched entryways and
roofs of curved eaves. They are surrounded by walls in the shape of a
perfect rectangle in accordance with traditional Buddhist symmetry. The
grounds contain a small traditional garden and a carp-filled pond. Visitors
sometimes encounter Buddhist monks praying in incense-filled courtyards
here.
The elegant and exquisite Longhua Pagoda is the relic remaining from the
Song Dynasty with seven stories, in octagonal shape, with upturned eaves,
and the hanging bells on the eaves' corners. It is closed for entrance
but can easily be seen from the road.
Since all monasteries have "mountain gates", this temple also
had one, but it was later separated from the main building by a road and
was completely dismantled during the Cultural Revolution.
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