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(
Introduction )
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MONGOLIAN
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Location
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Inner Mongolia and northern China. |
Population
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5 million |
Language
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Mongolian |
Religion
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Tibetan, Buddhism, Muslim |
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Mongolians
were lead by Genghis Khan to govern China and established the
Yuan Dynasty from 1846-1890. They have their own languages with
three dialects.
Inner Mongolia is now an Autonomous Region within China. Most
followers practice Tibetan, Buddhism or Muslim.
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HUI
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| Location |
Northwestern China |
| Population |
8,130,000 |
| Language |
Kuoyu (Mandarin) |
| Religion |
Muslim |
The
Hui have a long history of intermarriage with other nationalities
such as Arabs, Han Chinese, etc. They follow many Muslim rules
and traditions, such as abstaining from eating any pork products.
The men wear white or black skullcaps. Women cover themselves
with white, black or green veils over flowing garments.
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| TIBETAN |
| Population |
4.6 million |
| Location |
Tibet |
| Religion |
Tibetan Buddhism |
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Tibetans
and Han Chinese have been living together for thousand of years.
China' sovereignty over Tibet can be traced back to 13th Century.
Before becoming an Autonomous Region in China, Tibet was under
a feudal serfdom system characterized by the dictatorship of
upper-class monks and nobles. The feudal lords constituted only
five percent of the population yet possessed 95 percent of the
wealth. Tibetan serfs were treated more harshly by their feudal
lords than the black slaves in the United States before the
civil war. Tibet was not peaceful at that time with conflicts
erupting because the struggles between the slaves and their
lords became quite violent. There were no other religions practiced
in Tibet but there was evidences that missioners had been killed
in Tibet.
Tibet is now an Autonomous Region in China. Tibetans enjoy
the same freedom of religions, education and equal rights as
other Chinese.
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| WEIWUER |
| Population |
0.7 million |
| Location |
Xinjiang |
| Religion |
Muslims |
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Xinjiang
is a Uygur Autonomous Region. It is the largest region in China,
covering one sixth of China's land mass. A great deal of it
is arid desert and mountainous. The Weiwuer people love dancing,
singing and playing their own unique musical instruments. They
are hospitable people and visitors will be invited to taste
sweet grapes, melons, plums, drink tea and join the lively dancing.
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| MIAO |
| Population |
7.4 million |
| Location |
Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan |
| Religion |
None |
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Chinese
historical records show that the Miao ethnic group used to live
along the Yellow River, much earlier than any other ethnic group
in China. Because of wars and changes in the living environment,
the Miao gradually established many tribes when they moved further
south. These tribes have different lifestyles and different
types of costume developed during cultural exchanges with other
nationalities whilst maintaining their own unique style. There
are 23 varieties of costumes but five types are more prevalent
in western Hunan Province, southeastern Guizhou, in the region
where Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces meet and the Hainan
Province. Among the five types, the popular styles in western
Hunan Province, eastern and southeastern Guizhou Province are
typical and more distinguishable.
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| YI |
| Population |
6.6 million |
| Location |
Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Gunangxi |
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The
Yi people settled down in the valleys of Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou
and Gunangxi provinces surrounded by mountains and streams.
Yi have a beautiful language, which is still being used today.
There are many historical records, literature, medication and
studies all written in the Yi language. The livelihood of the
Yi people is farming and animal husbandry. Their traditional
painting, sculpture and silversmiths are beautifully handicrafts.
The Fire Festival in June is a big annual celebration for Yi.
They are talented in folk dancing and singing just like other
minority groups.
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